Clinical and Anatomical Aspects of Surgical Treatment of Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Sinus Disease

Despite the fact that this disease is the subject of numerous medical journals, monographs, research works, master's and doctoral theses, to date there is no unified approach to the choice of surgical treatment for this disease. High frequency of unsatisfactory results after excision of pilonidal sinus (recurrences - 10% to 19%, wound suppuration - 20-30%) directly depends on the type of surgery. After palliative surgery (incision and drainage of abscess), 73% of patients re-performed surgery, in the treatment of open wounds (excision followed by secondary healing) recurrences occur in 3-8% of the operated. In primary wound healing in 7,5-9,7% of cases are re-occurrence of the disease. Despite the fact that this disease is the subject of numerous medical journals, monographs, research works, master's and doctoral theses, to date there is no unified approach to the choice of surgical treatment for this disease. The analytic review of the national and foreign literature about problem of surgical treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal cysts is presented in the article. Here we expound currently available methods of surgical treatment, the main outstanding issue at this point in the treatment of these patients. The basic clinical and anatomical features of the choice of surgery are marked. Shown that the high frequency of the disease and its postoperative complications, as well as long-term temporary disability of patients demonstrate the need of a differential approach to the choice of treatment strategy and surgery. It is also necessary to take into account features of topographic anatomy of the structures of sacrococcygeal region, as well as extent of the inflammatory process

Pilonidal cyst, pilonidal sinus, surgical treatment, differentiated approach