Controlled minimally invasive surgical interventions for the treatment of patients with thyroid carcinoma

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Abstract

Treatment strategies for patients with malignant thyroid tumors remain a key issue in modern endocrine surgery. Although prognosis is generally favourable – particularly for papillary microcarcinoma – treatment selection among active surveillance, open surgery, and minimally invasive ultrasound-guided local interventions should be individualised. In recent years, ultrasound-guided minimally invasive techniques have attracted increasing interest as a potential alternative to traditional surgery and active surveillance strategies. These approaches enable targeted tumor destruction with minimal injury to surrounding tissues and a low complication risk. Minimally invasive technologies offer several clinical advantages: procedures can be performed under local anesthesia, on an outpatient basis, and provide rapid recovery and postoperative scar formation. These options are especially relevant for patients who decline active surveillance, refuse surgery, or have contraindications to that. This review summarises clinical experience with various thermal ablation techniques (laser, radiofrequency, microwave) and chemical ablation techniques (percutaneous ethanol injection) for thyroid carcinoma. Both short-term (up to 12 months) and long-term (over 12 months) outcomes are analysed, including tumor volume reduction or complete disappearance, recurrence rate, distant metastasis, and procedure-related complications. Particular attention is paid to comparative studies evaluating efficacy and safety across modalities. The aim of this review is to synthesise current clinical data and to define the role of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive local treatments in selecting an optimal treatment strategy for thyroid carcinoma, including microcarcinoma and recurrent forms.

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About the authors

David D. Dolidze

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: ddolidzed@mail.ru

M.D., Professor, Head of the Scientific and Clinical Department; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Zurab A. Bagatelia

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: bagateliaz@mail.ru

M.D., Professor, First Deputy Director; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Suren G. Laboyan

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: s-leon81@hotmail.com

Junior Researcher Fellow, Surgeon

Russian Federation, Moscow

Arshak V. Vardanyan

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: vardanyan-med@yandex.ru

M.D., Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow

Konstantin S. Titov

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Email: ks-titov@mail.ru

M.D., Professor, Leading Researcher; Professor of the Department of Oncology and Roentgenology named after Academician V.P. Kharchenko

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Ivan N. Lebedinsky

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: ivan-lebedinskiy@mail.ru

Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Head of Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Georgi Genadi Melkonyan

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Clinical Hospital for War Veterans No. 3 of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: glav@gkb4.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7234-4185

M.D., Professor, Chief Physician; Professor, Department of Combined and Multiple Trauma

 

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Dmitriy V. Matveev

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: dvmatveev@mail.ru

M.D., Professor; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Nodar N. Gogitidze

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: gogitidzenn@yandex.ru

Ph.D., Head of Diagnostic Department No. 8

Russian Federation, Moscow

Andrei Y. Lukin

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: onion_lay@mail.ru

M.D., Professor, Leading Researcher, Deputy Chief Physician for Outpatient and Polyclinic Work; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Armen R. Oganyan

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: aoganian@mail.ru

Ph.D., Head of the Operating Room Department

Russian Federation, Moscow

David G. Gogolashvili

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: datuna1970@yandex.ru

Ph.D., Surgeon; Docent, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Anastasia V. Bedina

"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow

Email: bedinanastya@yandex.ru

Endocrinology Resident

Russian Federation, Moscow

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