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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник экспериментальной и клинической хирургии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2070-478X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-143X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1233</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2070-478X-2018-11-4-268-274</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and experimental substantiation of the effect of hypoxia on the wall of the small and large intestine in newborns</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинико-экспериментальное обоснование влияния гипоксии на стенку тонкой и толстой кишки у новорожденных</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-6702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>Irina Yuryevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Ирина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., associate professor, professor of the Department of Pediatric Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор, кафедры детской хирургии</p></bio><email>ikarpova73@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshikov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav Vladimirovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршиков</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., professor, head of the department of pediatric surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, зав.кафедрой детской хирургии</p></bio><email>parshikovvv43@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prodanets</surname><given-names>Natalia Nikolaevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проданец</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Senior Researcher, Morphology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник отдела морфологии ЦНИЛ</p></bio><email>nnp.71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>Tatyana Ivanovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Department of Biochemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник отдела биохимии ЦНИЛ</p></bio><email>tis_27@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatova</surname><given-names>Evgenia Dmitrievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятова</surname><given-names>Евгения Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior lecturer of the Department of Medical Physics and Informatics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры медицинской физики и информатики</p></bio><email>edpyatova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanova</surname><given-names>Darya Vasilievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанова</surname><given-names>Дарья Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant of the Department of Pediatric Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры детской хирургии</p></bio><email>dashenka8723@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bebenina</surname><given-names>Anastasia Alexandrovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бебенина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6th year student of pediatric faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 6 курса педиатрического факультета</p></bio><email>anastasia.bebenina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Рrivolzhskiy research medical university</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>268</fpage><lpage>274</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-09-15"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Karpova I.Y., Parshikov V.V., Prodanets N.N., Solovieva T.I., Pyatova E.D., Molchanova D.V., Bebenina A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Карпова И.Ю., Паршиков В.В., Проданец Н.Н., Соловьева Т.И., Пятова Е.Д., Молчанова Д.В., Бебенина А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karpova I.Y., Parshikov V.V., Prodanets N.N., Solovieva T.I., Pyatova E.D., Molchanova D.V., Bebenina A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карпова И.Ю., Паршиков В.В., Проданец Н.Н., Соловьева Т.И., Пятова Е.Д., Молчанова Д.В., Бебенина А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/1233">https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/1233</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on the analysis of morphological and morphometric data, the clinical and experimental results of the effect of hypoxia on the wall of the small and large intestine in newborns are presented. The clinical part is based on the study of 58 case histories of patients with necrotizing enterocolitis, which the operating material (resected sections of the small intestine, large intestine) was studied in detail. The experimental work included the modeling of chronic hypobaric hypoxia in different trimesters of pregnancy in 4 groups of white rats (24 females). The offspring was taken out of the experiment at 4-5 days after birth, followed by collection of the small and large intestine areas to study histoarchitectonics. It is proved that hypoxia affects the number of newborn offspring, its weight. The small intestine is most vulnerable to the effect of this factor. Analysis of the morphological and morphometric picture of the operating and experimental material convincingly proves that under the influence of hypoxia the destruction of the intestinal mucosa occurs and the growth of the connective tissue component in the muscle layer occurs.</p> <p>Changes from the microcirculation of blood and lymph provoke the development of pre-ulcerative, ulcerative defects and the formation of necrosis. Disturbance of the drainage function promotes the spread of destruction in the intestinal wall.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Ведущим предиктором большинства врожденных и приобретенных заболеваний является гипоксия. Некротизирующий энтероколит у новорожденных (НЭК) – это тяжелый патологический процесс, проявляющийся поражением кишечной стенки на фоне хронической внутриутробной или острой гипоксии ребенка в родах. Цель исследования. Представить клинические и экспериментальные данные, доказывающие влияния гипоксии на стенку тонкой и толстой кишки у новорожденных. Материалы и методы. Клиническая часть основана на изучении 58 историй болезни пациентов с некротизирующим энтероколитом и морфологическим исследованием резецированных участков тонкой, толстой кишки. Экспериментальная работа включала моделирование хронической гипобарической гипоксии в разные триместры беременности на 4-х группах белых беспородных крыс (24 самки), с последующей оценкой состояния кишечной стенки.Результаты и их обсуждение. Анализ морфологической и морфометрической картины операционного и экспериментального материала выявил, что наибольшие структурные изменения были отмечены в тонкой кишке. Под воздействием кислородного голодания происходила деструкция слизистой оболочки кишечника и разрастание соединительнотканного компонента в мышечном слое. Изменения со стороны микроциркуляторного русла в виде крово - и лимфообращения провоцировали развитие предъязвенных, язвенных дефектов и формирование некрозов. Нарушение дренажной функции способствовали распространению патологического процесса в стенке кишки.Заключение. Таким образом, гипоксия оказывает значительное влияние на структуру кишечника, формируя необратимые изменения локального и системного уровня.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>newborn</kwd><kwd>necrotizing enterocolitis</kwd><kwd>experiment</kwd><kwd>thin and large intestin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>новорожденный</kwd><kwd>некротизирующий энтероколит</kwd><kwd>эксперимент</kwd><kwd>тонкая и толстая кишка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Ovsyannikov V. G. General pathology: pathological physiology. 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