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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник экспериментальной и клинической хирургии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2070-478X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-143X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1923</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2070-478X-2026-19-1-45-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review of literature</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Controlled minimally invasive surgical interventions for the treatment of patients with thyroid carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Контролируемые малоинвазивные хирургические вмешательства в лечении пациентов с карциномой щитовидной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolidze</surname><given-names>David D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долидзе</surname><given-names>Давид Джонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, Head of the Scientific and Clinical Department; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ученый секретарь, заведующий научно-клиническим отделом; профессор кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>ddolidzed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagatelia</surname><given-names>Zurab A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багателия</surname><given-names>Зураб Антонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, First Deputy Director; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, первый заместитель директора; профессор кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>bagateliaz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Laboyan</surname><given-names>Suren G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лабоян</surname><given-names>Сурен Гамлетович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher Fellow, Surgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, врач-хирург</p></bio><email>s-leon81@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vardanyan</surname><given-names>Arshak V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варданян</surname><given-names>Аршак Варданович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>vardanyan-med@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>Konstantin S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Константин Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, Leading Researcher; Professor of the Department of Oncology and Roentgenology named after Academician V.P. Kharchenko</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник; профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко Медицинского института</p></bio><email>ks-titov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinsky</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединский</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Head of Oncosurgical Department No. 71 (General Oncology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующий онкохирургическим отделением №71 (общей онкологии)</p></bio><email>ivan-lebedinskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7234-4185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melkonyan</surname><given-names>Georgi Genadi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелконян</surname><given-names>Георгий Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, Chief Physician; Professor, Department of Combined and Multiple Trauma</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный врач; профессор кафедры сочетанных и комбинированных повреждений</p></bio><email>glav@gkb4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор; профессор кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>dvmatveev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gogitidze</surname><given-names>Nodar N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гогитидзе</surname><given-names>Нодар Нодарович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Head of Diagnostic Department No. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий диагностическим отделением №8</p></bio><email>gogitidzenn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukin</surname><given-names>Andrei Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукин</surname><given-names>Андрей Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Professor, Leading Researcher, Deputy Chief Physician for Outpatient and Polyclinic Work; Professor, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, заместитель главного врача по амбулаторно-поликлинической работе; профессор кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>onion_lay@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganyan</surname><given-names>Armen R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганян</surname><given-names>Армен Робертович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Head of the Operating Room Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий операционным блоком</p></bio><email>aoganian@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gogolashvili</surname><given-names>David G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гоголашвили</surname><given-names>Давид Гугушаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Surgeon; Docent, Department of Surgery, Transplantology, and Applied Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., хирург; доцент кафедры хирургии, трансплантологии и прикладной онкологии</p></bio><email>datuna1970@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bedina</surname><given-names>Anastasia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бедина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Endocrinology Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор отделения эндокринологии</p></bio><email>bedinanastya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">"Botkin Hospital" Department of Health of the City of Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Hospital for War Veterans No. 3 of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Госпиталь для ветеранов войн №3 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Вестник экспериментальной и клинической хирургии</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вестник экспериментальной и клинической хирургии</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-04-09"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/1923">https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/1923</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Treatment strategies for patients with malignant thyroid tumors remain a key issue in modern endocrine surgery. Although prognosis is generally favourable – particularly for papillary microcarcinoma – treatment selection among active surveillance, open surgery, and minimally invasive ultrasound-guided local interventions should be individualised. In recent years, ultrasound-guided minimally invasive techniques have attracted increasing interest as a potential alternative to traditional surgery and active surveillance strategies. These approaches enable targeted tumor destruction with minimal injury to surrounding tissues and a low complication risk. Minimally invasive technologies offer several clinical advantages: procedures can be performed under local anesthesia, on an outpatient basis, and provide rapid recovery and postoperative scar formation. These options are especially relevant for patients who decline active surveillance, refuse surgery, or have contraindications to that. This review summarises clinical experience with various thermal ablation techniques (laser, radiofrequency, microwave) and chemical ablation techniques (percutaneous ethanol injection) for thyroid carcinoma. Both short-term (up to 12 months) and long-term (over 12 months) outcomes are analysed, including tumor volume reduction or complete disappearance, recurrence rate, distant metastasis, and procedure-related complications. Particular attention is paid to comparative studies evaluating efficacy and safety across modalities. The aim of this review is to synthesise current clinical data and to define the role of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive local treatments in selecting an optimal treatment strategy for thyroid carcinoma, including microcarcinoma and recurrent forms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Тактика лечения больных со злокачественными опухолями щитовидной железы остаётся одной из актуальных задач современной эндокринной хирургии. Несмотря на благоприятный в целом прогноз, особенно при папиллярной микрокарциноме, выбор между активным наблюдением, открытым хирургическим вмешательством и малоинвазивными методами локального воздействия под контролем ультразвука требует индивидуализированного подхода. В последние годы наблюдается устойчивый рост интереса к малоинвазивным методам под контролем ультразвука как к потенциальной альтернативе традиционной хирургии и стратегии активного наблюдения. Эти технологии обеспечивают прицельное воздействие на опухоль при минимальной травматизации окружающих тканей и низком риске осложнений. Малоинвазивные технологии обладают рядом клинических преимуществ: выполнение процедур под местной анестезией, возможность амбулаторного применения, быстрое восстановление и отсутствие послеоперационного рубца. Эти методы особенно актуальны для пациентов, не принимающих тактику активного наблюдения, отказывающихся от хирургического вмешательства или имеющих к нему противопоказания.</p> <p>Настоящий обзор обобщает клинический опыт применения различных способов термической (лазерной, радиочастотной, микроволновой) и химической абляции (чрескожная инъекция этанола) при карциноме щитовидной железы. Анализируются как краткосрочные (до 12 месяцев), так и долгосрочные (свыше 12 месяцев) результаты; степень редукции или полного исчезновения опухолевого очага, частота рецидивов, наличие отдалённых метастазов и риск осложнений. Особое внимание уделено сравнительным исследованиям, сопоставляющим эффективность и безопасность различных методов. Обзор направлен на обобщение современных клинических данных и оценку роли малоинвазивных методов локального воздействия под контролем ультразвука в выборе оптимальной тактики терапии карциномы щитовидной железы, включая микрокарциному и рецидивные формы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemical ablation (percutaneous ethanol injection, PEI)</kwd><kwd>thermal ablation (laser ablation (LA)</kwd><kwd>radiofrequency ablation (RFA)</kwd><kwd>microwave ablation (MWA)</kwd><kwd>volume reduction ratio (VRR)</kwd><kwd>papillary microcarcinoma</kwd><kwd>carcinoma</kwd><kwd>recurrent thyroid carcinoma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>химическая абляция (чрескожная инъекция этанола)</kwd><kwd>термическая абляция (лазерная абляция</kwd><kwd>радиочастотная абляция</kwd><kwd>микроволновая абляция)</kwd><kwd>коэффициент уменьшение объёма</kwd><kwd>папиллярная микрокарцинома</kwd><kwd>карцинома</kwd><kwd>рецидивирующая карцинома щитовидной железы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Forma A, Klodnicka K, Pajak W, Flieger J, Teresinska B, Januszewski J, Baj J. 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