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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник экспериментальной и клинической хирургии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2070-478X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-143X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">933</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2070-478X-2017-10-3-218-224</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Germinal Epithelium of the Testis in Children with Cryptorchidism in the Ultrastructural Section</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Герминативный эпителий яичка у детей с крипторхизмом в ультраструктурном срезе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3570-3147</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9411-6025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>Svetlana Yurievna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Светлана Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медецинских наук, доцент кафедры детской хирургии</p></bio><email>urokom@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8877-4258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pichugova</surname><given-names>Svetlana Vladimirovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пичугова</surname><given-names>Светлана Владимирована</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of the highest-grade electronic microscopy laboratory,</p> <p>Candidate of Medical Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>1- к.м.н., врач высшей категории лаборатории электронной микроскопии МАУ «Клинико-диагностический центр»,</p> <p>2- научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунопатофизиологии ФГБУН Институт иммунологии и физиологии УрО РАН</p></bio><email>ekb-lem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBEI НE Ural State Medical Uvinesity MOH Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО УГМУ Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical-diaglostical cente&#13;
Institute of Immunology and Physiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">1-МАУ «Клинико-диагностический центр»&#13;
2- ФГБУН Институт иммунологии и физиологии УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-11-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>218</fpage><lpage>224</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-03-08"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2017-05-08"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Komarova S.Y., Pichugova S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Комарова С.Ю., Пичугова С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Komarova S.Y., Pichugova S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Комарова С.Ю., Пичугова С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2017-11-19"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/933">https://vestnik-surgery.com/journal/article/view/933</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Relevance.</bold> Male fertility is largely dependent on the timely testicular descent into the scrotum and the formation of the two major divisions of the testis: interstitial and seminiferous tubules.</p> <p><bold>The purpose of research -</bold> to reveal ultrastructural changes in the germinal epithelium of the testes with cryptorchidism and assess their degree of severity of patients of different age.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> To study the ultrastructure of testis in 30 children with inguinal retention testicular biopsy runtime relegated gonads were done. Before surgery clinically and sonographically determined testicle in the groin area. Children age 1 to 14 years. All the children with unilateral cryptorchidism. In the study of testicular tissue ultrastructural changes in cryptorchidism revealed 3 types of state tubules and germinal epithelium. Changes in type I revealed 4 cases (13%). In type II tubules in the testis revealed mixed cell type: along with light cells therein are determined cells with dark cytoplasm and signs of destruction - 13 boys (46.4%). In 11 (37%) boys identified type III tubules dominated cells with signs of degradation.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The study revealed destructive changes of the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules with cryptorchidism: vacuolization of cytoplasm, cytoplasmic foci of local degradation of the matrix, swelling of mitochondria, cristae destruction and devastation of the mitochondrial matrix, pycnosis cores and peritubular interstitial testicular sclerosis, signs of microcirculation disorders.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Мужская фертильность в значительной степени зависит от своевременного опущения яичек в мошонку и формирования двух основных отделов яичка: интерстиция и семенных канальцев.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования –</bold> выявить ультраструктурные изменения герминативного эпителия яичек при крипторхизме и оценить степень их выраженности у пациентов разного возраста.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Для изучения ультраструктуры яичка у 30 детей с паховой ретенцией была выполнена биопсия яичка во время низведения гонады. До операции клинически и сонографически яичко определялось в паховой области. Возраст детей от 1 до 14 лет, все с односторонним крипторхизмом. При изучении ультраструктурных изменений ткани яичка при крипторхизме выявлено 3 типа состояния канальцев и герминативного эпителия. Изменения I типа выявлены в 4 случаях (13%). При II типе в яичке выявлены канальцы со смешанным типом клеток: наряду со светлыми клетками в них определяются клетки с темной цитоплазмой и признаками деструкции - 13 мальчиков (46,4 %). У 11 (27,5%) мальчиков выявлены канальцы III типа, в которых преобладают клетки с признаками деструкции.</p> <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Были выявлены деструктивные изменения герминативного эпителия семенных канальцев при крипторхизме: вакуолизация цитоплазмы, очаги локальной деструкции цитоплазматического матрикса, набухание митохондрий, разрушение крист и опустошение митохондриального матрикса, пикноз ядер, а также перитубулярный склероз интерстиция яичек, признаки нарушения микроциркуляции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryptorchidism</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>microscopy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крипторхизм</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Lee P.A., Houk C.P. Cryptorchidism. 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