Vol 3, No 2 (2010)

The article is based on experience of treatment 515 patients with non-specific spontaneous pneumothorax (NSP). Men were 422 (83,56%), women - 83 (16,44%). 426 (84,35%) patients had a primary form of pneumothorax and 79 (15,65%) patients had a recurrent pneumothorax. In 390 patients, who underwent thoracoscopy, in 242 (62%) cases were diagnosed a bullous changes of the lungs. The experience of work of the authors demonstrates the necessity of actively-expectant tactics in treatment of NSP. The treatment had to be started with pleural punctions. The indication to surgical treatment was an absence of efficiency of conservative therapy, reccurense of NSP. The operative treatment was performed in 89 patients. In order to liquidation of bullous changes of the lungs and to create a stable pleurodesis authors used YAG-ND and СО2 lasers. The puposed algorithm of diagnosis and treatment of NSP has allowed to lower the frequency of recurrences of pneumothorax and to increase efficiency of surgical treatment of this disease.

The analysis of the results of diagnosis and treatment of 60 patients with the diffuse purulent peritonitis. The first (control) group consist of 34 patients treated by programmed sanitations of the abdominal cavity with application by common method without intra-abdominal pressure using to close laparostomy, which was closed by the “zipper” method. The second (study) group included 26 patients, for which there were used a large-cellular mesh polypropylene endoprosthesis to close the defects of abdominal wall. At each programmed sanitation the prosthesis was dissected longitudinally along the entire length and stapled so that the level of intra-abdominal pressure did not exceed 15 mm Hg. In the nearest post-operative period in patients of the second group the indicators of endotoxicosis were 1,3 times lower, the motility and peristalsis of the intestines was 2,1 times higher than in patients of the first group, which led to the decrease of post-operative lethality in 1,3 times

We analyzed data, which was obtained from experimental studies on 288 outbred white rats. The experimental section consisted of two blocks of study. The first block was designed to study the effect of polarized radiation on wound healing of aseptic wounds, the second block - the study of combined using of hydropessive sanitation and polarized radiation on purulent wounds. The positive influence of hydropessive sanitation and polarized radiation on the wound healing consisted of acceleration terms of cleaning of wound surface from purulent tissues, stimulation processes of regeneration.

The antioxidant and antihypoxant – «Hypoxen» is used for treatment of patients with a prolonged course of oral cavity abscesses. It is used in complex pharmatherapy as anti-inflammatory, detoxicating and immunomodulating medicine. It was shown that the application of this preparation facilitates to symptomatic cleaning of post operational wounds and cavities and the regression of local suppurative and inflammatory processes, at the background of positive dynamics of indices of blood (the decrease of excess of leucocytes, the level of bilirubin and the activity of ferments). It also provides immunomodulatory action.

The purpose of the study - a complex estimation of range of motion of the damaged joint, changes immunological laboratory indications and indications of antioxidant protection of patients with at cemented and cementless total hip replacements. The study included two groups of patients with which it is established cemented joint replacements (36 person), and cementless joint replacements (52 persons) and 30 healthy persons as control group of comparison. The received results demonstrate the advantage of cementless hip replacement over the cemented one. It is expressed in the absence of statistically significant differences in terms of restoring range of motion in the operated joint, on a background of significant improvement of the dynamics of the immunological status and indicators of the antioxidant protection in three months after operative intervention.

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The article describes the basic types of operations used for correction of outflow in patients with obstructive jaundice. We describe endoscopic and transduodenal methods of papillosphincterotomy, different ways of antegrade introduction of papillotomy through holedohoduodenostomic hole, Ker, Curt, Halstead-Pikovsky drains, biliary fistulas or by percutaneous transhepatic holangiostomy; single-and multi-stage methods of reconstructing the passage of bile of such patients. The main indications and contraindications for each method, possible complications are indicated.