Vol 2, No 3 (2009)

Echinococcosis - still actual clinical problem in the countries of Central Asia. Unusual localisation of an echinococcosis meets seldom. Experience of surgical treatment of patients with rare forms of an echinococcosis of a thorax is resulted. At the retrospective analysis, for last 33 years (1975-2008) Authors have noted 116 cases of unusual localisation hydatid cysts from total 2989 (3,88%) patients with intrathoracic localisation of an echinococcosis. 113 patients are operated, from them in 112 cases radical operations, in one - palliative echinococcectomy from a pulmonary tissue and organs of a mediastinum with liquidation large hydatid cyst are executed. For the purpose of differential diagnostics, specification by process localisation in a thoracal cavity, the sizes of formation, character of its contents carrying out of such methods of diagnostics, MSКТ and USI is necessary. The basic method of treatment is surgical, supplemented adequate chemotherapy. Choice operations at an echinococcosis of atypical localisation are interventions organ-saving character.

Analized results of treatment of 108 victims with thoracabdominal wounds. The comparative estimation of efficiency of various methods of diagnostics and treatment of the specified pathology is spent; the algorithm of conducting patients with the thoracabdominal wounds, allowed to reduce a lethality on 2,6 % is developed, to lower frequency of occurrence of postoperative complications on 14,7 %, duration of hospitalisation to reduce to 2,5 days.

The experimental research was conducted on 343 male rats Vistar. In the first stage there was investigated the efficacy of different substances for debridement of abdominal cavity in experimental peritonitis. We found that immobilized forms of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in gel of carboxymetillcellulose in conditions of experimental peritonitis reduce the level of endogenic toxicosis in 1,6 times and severity of commissure process – in 2,4 times. In the second stage there was investigated the dynamics of disintegration of sodium hypochlorite in abdominal cavity in experimental animals. We proved that the optimum concentration of antiseptic using immobilized forms of NaClO is preserved during 3 hours, and the sodium hypochlorite markings are detected during 24 hours.